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You would expect that any sculpture honoring the Argentine leader of much of South America's liberation from Spanish colonial rule that's installed in Panama City would be on Via Argentina, and you wouldn't be wrong in that expectation. José San Martín, a veteran of the Spanish Army, came back to Argentina to participate in that country's 1816 independence struggle, then the following year led an army across the Andes to help his friend Bernardo O'Higgins throw the Spaniards out of Chile. Then, in a pincer movement with Simón Bolívar's army moving down from the north and forces led by San Martín coming north, he played a leading role in Peru's liberation. Bolívar and San Martín had different ideas about the political organization of the countries freed from Spanish colonialism, so San Martín stepped down as leader of Peru and sailed away to France, giving his fellow freemason Bolívar a chance to pursue his ideals. But centrifugal forces and the greed and jealousies of Latin America's Creole oligarchies broke Bolívar's heart, frustrated his political aims and led to his death at a young age. Photo by Eric Jackson
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