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Carnival casualties

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burnout time
Just a little Carnival Monday fire on the seventh floor of the Avesa Building, where the server on the computer center for the anti-corruption, drug and organized crime prosecutors handle their electronic information. We are told to believe that everything is OK. Photo from Twitter.

Carnival count

According to the government, there were:

  • 0 deaths in the Carnival areas or going to or from
  • 163 Carnival related injuries
  • 506 traffic accidents
  • 13,077 traffic citations issued
  • 152,000 cars that went from the city to the Interior
  • 400,000 people who took buses from Albrook to the Interior
  • 19 rescues by SINAPROC

… plus they had this little Carnival Monday fire of mysterious origin at the Avesa building, on its seventh floor which houses prosecutors and forensic scientists. We are are assured that nobody was hurt and nothing much lost – JUST THE SERVER ON WHICH THE ANTI-CORRUPTION, DRUG AND ORGANIZED CRIME PROSECUTORS STORE AND MOVE THEIR ELECTRONIC INFORMATION FILES.

 

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After the revelry, now the religious pilgrimage

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Lent starts in Panama with the pilgrimage to Atalaya

by Eric Jackson, photos from Twitter

Since 1790 many of Panama’s devout Catholics have been making pilgrimages to the small town of Atalaya, in Veraguas a few miles southeast of Santiago. The -statue of Jesus in that town’s chapel had been there since 1730 and the annual mega-event began to take its modern force in 1912.

Some folks from far away began walking, often in purple robes, while others were celebrating Carnival. Others are walking now and some, coming by whatever means of transportation, are already there. The big events are on this coming weekend, with a procession and a Sunday mass that typically attracts about 200,000 people but may be larger this year.

Larger? First because in a way it’s part of the run-up to Catholic Church’s January 2019 World Youth Festival that will take place in Panama. Second because a lot of conservative Catholics are inflamed about the possibilities of sex education in the schools and same-sex marriages. (Those hot button issues not only pit them against folks who are for those things, but also intensify the rivalry with Evangelicals who have been winning converts at the Catholic Church’s expense for many years and are now in the process of launching their own religious right political party.)

In any case, the Transito cops’ big mobilization for Carnival may be over, but many of them are working along with the bomberos, the SINAPROC disaster relief agency and local officials to make the pilgrimage, procession and crush at the Basilica Menor de Atalaya safe for all. There has already been at least one person run over en route to Atalaya this year.

 

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For a more detailed history and explanation — in Spanish — go to the Jesús Nazareno de Atalaya website.

 

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What the Democrats are saying

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TB
One on one as well as before the whole nation, US Senator Tammy Baldwin (D-WI) defends her constituents against Republican budget cuts. Photo from her Facebook page.

What Democrats are saying

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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What the Republicans are saying

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RP & DT
Donald Trump and his erstwhile aide Rob Porter. White House photo.

What Republicans are saying

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Scenes from the 2018 Antillean Fair

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                          Her Majesty makes a grand entry.

Scenes from the Antillean Fair

photos and note by Eric Jackson

This year the Afro-Antillean Museum of Panama is closed for renovation and the Antillean Fair, which is the principal fundraising event for the Society of Friends of the Afro-Antillean Museum of Panama (SAMAAP) was not the biggest we have seen. Since the move from the museum grounds a few years ago to ATLAPA the attendance has been up, but there have been bigger events with more people, more vendors and more live acts onstage that this year. Seems to be a money issue — although they get some support from the National Institute of Culture (INAC), money does not grow on trees and they are spending down quite a bit of theirs on the museum at the moment.

This reporter, who spent most of the fair staffing a voter information table for US citizens — especially the many members of the West Indian community here who have dual US and Panamanian citizenship — did not pig out as in some years past. Some sous, some torrejas de bacalao, a couple of little coconut pastries and bottles of saril and ginger beer were this year’s treats. The cravings for Jamaican-style sticky buns and fish deep-fried in oil that has whole hot peppers in it will have to be satisfied some other time, although they could have been at the fair.

Yes, they sold beer. But there were not the fights or obvious drunkenness that characterizes most other Carnival events. This year the playground for the kids was expanded and they were having a great time bouncing, climbing and sliding. The assimilation, not only into Spanish but between Panama’s Colonial Black and West Indian cultures and the adoption of Pan-African styles continues its long development. There were as usual a bunch of visitors from the diaspora — this reporter talked to folks from Houston, Brooklyn, the District of Columbia and environs, Florida, Atlanta and California. The proceeds will go toward preserving the history of the people who built — and continue to build — so much of Panama.

 

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Court order granting bail to Ricardo Martinelli

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camacho
Martinelli spokesman Luis Eduardo Camacho: “Martinelli should not return to Panama, for lack of judicial conditions. … He never wanted to leave Panama. No matter how much they want him to come back, there must be political and judicial conditions and these have not happened.” YouTube graphic from NexTV, part of the Martinelli media empire whose acquisition is the subject of criminal investigations.

Martinelli gets bail

court order by Judge Marcia G. Cooke

[At the time that this was uploaded, the bail order was stayed as the prosecutors filed an emergency appeal with the US Court of Appeals in Atlanta. Unless and until that stay is lifted, the former Panamanian president remains in jail.]

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Click here to read the judge’s order in PDF format.

 

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Firefly femme fatales

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File 20180206 14083 tcllf7.jpg?ixlib=rb 1.1
“Hello there, handsome…” Photo by knoelle44/flickr.

Why some fireflies become femme fatales in their race for survival

by Prayan Pokharel, University of Giessen

Fireflies are the flashy stars of the insect world. At night, you can see them coming because each little bug shines like a lamp – and, appropriately, they belong to the beetle family Lampyridae.

The “lamplight” of fireflies is generated by an enzyme inside the bugs’ abdomens called luciferase, which reacts with other elements and compounds to produce a cold light. This turns each individual firefly into a bioluminescent beauty.

Their glow is also used for courtship. Males of different firefly species use different flash patterns to attract potential mates. A male firefly will flash in a certain pattern for a particular length of time; he knows whether the female he’s spotted is interested based on how long it takes her to “flash” in reply.

This all sounds very romantic and beautiful. But there’s a dark secret lurking behind the facade: some female fireflies dupe the males with false flash patterns – then, when their amorous would-be partners approach, they attack and eat them. The femme fatales aren’t doing this from malice or hunger: they’re trying to ingest a toxin that will keep them safe from predators.

“Come closer…”

This lethal mating ritual happens in two genera of fireflies, Photinus and Photuris. Both of the fireflies are native to North America.

The Photuris female is able to mimic Photinus’ flashing patterns; with this deception, she answers the flash patterns of a Photinus male. He comes closer, hoping to consummate their new relationship. Instead, she captures and eats him.

Predation in fireflies: Photuris versicolor preys on Photinus pyralis

 

Why? Because, as the saying goes, “You are what you eat.” In this case, the Photuris female eats the Photinus male to get chemical defenses that are present in his blood. The toxins can be used to fight off predators like birds, spiders, ants and others.

When the Photinus male is under attack, the toxins are released as tiny droplets. By eating the male, the Photuris female absorbs that toxic power and makes herself safer from predation. The powerful toxins are called lucibufagins, which are steroids similar to the heart poison generated from the foxglove plant, Digitalis.

When a firefly is attacked its outer skin, called the cuticle, ruptures and bitter tasting blood loaded with lucibufagins oozes out. Predators release the firefly because they can’t stand the taste.

A firefly (Photuris) exuding the poisonous fluid from its body when disturbed. Photo by Thomas Eisner, 1997

Avoidance tactics

When a female Photuris eats a Photinus male and absorbs his lucibufagins, she is also protecting her young. The females are able to pass on this toxic defence mechanism to their offspring.

The Photinus males try to protect themselves from being eaten by Photuris females. They take their time looking for the real thing: a female of their own species. One study, in a laboratory showed that Photinus males took more than seven nights to find a female of its own species, while a Photinus female of the same species took less than six minutes to attract a male for mating.

The Photinus males also change their light emitting patterns in a bid to mislead their nemesis or – if they’re quick enough – simply fly away as soon as they are realize they’ve been drawn into a trap.

 

Prayan Pokharel is a doctoral student at the Institute for Insect Biotechnology, University of Giessen

This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original article.

 

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RSF, Mexico’s inaction in the face of journalist disappearances

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RIP
Carlos Domínguez Rodríguez, a veteran journalist who was stabbed to death in broad daylight in the center of Nuevo Laredo, a border town in the northeastern state of Tamaulipas, on this past January 13 — the first Mexican journalist slain this year.

Inaction by Mexican authorities in 21 disappearances of journalists since 2000

by Reporters Without Borders

On the tenth anniversary today of Mexican journalist Mauricio Estrada Zamora’s disappearance, Reporters Without Borders (RSF) condemns the appalling level of impunity in Mexico, where there have been at least 21 unsolved disappearances of journalists since 2000.

Aged 38, Estrada lived in Apatzingán, in the western state of Michoacán, where he was a crime reporter for a local daily, La Opinión de Apatzingán. He left the newspaper on the evening of 12 February 2008 and was never seen again. His car with found later that night with the lights on and the doors open in the nearby town of Buenavista, colleagues told RSF at the time.

Two days later, the newspaper’s management accused a Federal Investigation Agency police officer known as “El Diablo” (The Devil) of kidnapping Estrada. Three weeks before his disappearance, Estrada had written a story that reflected badly on this police officer, creating a conflict between the two. El Diablo was subsequently transferred to Mexico City.

Ten years later, Estrada’s disappearance is no longer being actively investigated. The failure to identify those responsible has been unbearable for Estrada’s wife, María Dolores Barajas. “I don’t understand,” she said. “How is it possible that no leads have been pursued? My life is full of questions without answers.”

Barajas complains of a lack of support, including judicial support, from the Executive Commission for Attention to Victims (CEAV), from which she has been seeking assistance since 2011. She is now threatened with eviction from her home for failing to make payments on the mortgage contracted by her husband.

Of the at least 21 journalists who have disappeared in the past 18 years, at least eight have missing for more than ten years, according to Mexico’s National Commission for Human Rights (CNDH).

With 12 journalists murdered since the start of 2017, the Mexican authorities are clearly already failing in their duty to protect media personnel,” said Emmanuel Colombié, the head of RSF’s Latin America bureau.

At the same time, they don’t assume their responsibility to conduct thorough investigations into the many cases of missing journalists or to ensure that the families of the victims get adequate compensation. The federal prosecutor’s office must redouble its efforts to provide concrete responses to the disappearance of Mauricio Estrada Zamora and all the other cases of journalists missing in Mexico.”

The involvement of state agents has been suspected in most of these cases, because the missing journalists were covering stories linked to local politics, corruption or public security. This is unbearable for the families, because the perpetrators are often able to pressure witnesses and investigators, and even get investigations closed.

The most recent case of a journalist disappearing is that of Agustín Silva Vázquez, 22, a resident of Matías Romero, in the southern state of Oaxaca. This young crime reporter for El Sol del Istmo, a regional daily, was last seen on January 21.

A few days before he disappeared, he covered a military operation resulting in the seizure of firearms and the arrests of three persons. Silva’s father said an individual identifying himself as the lawyer of the three detainees had asked Silva to testify in their defense, and Silva had refused.

Mexico is ranked 147th out of 180 countries in RSF’s 2017 World Press Freedom Index.

 

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US Jewish groups: Stephen Miller should not be in the White House

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Jews being deported from Marseille in January of 1943 by soldiers of Nazi Germany and its puppet Vichy French regime. Bundesarchiv photo.

Jewish groups’ letter to the White House: Stephen Miller must be removed

by 17 US Jewish organizations

February 8, 2018

General John F. Kelly
White House Chief of Staff
The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue
Washington, DC 20500

Dear General Kelly:

We, the undersigned Jewish agencies and organizations, are writing to share our deep concern that Senior Policy Advisor Stephen Miller does not belong in national leadership due to his extreme viewpoints and advocacy of racist policies.

As Jews, we are in solidarity with immigrants and refugees and believe that our nation must be a refuge and welcoming home for new Americans. Our people have been persecuted too many times in history for us to do otherwise. Not only our history but our holy texts teach us this: we are commanded by the Torah to welcome the stranger, for we were once strangers in the land of Egypt. We believe that we are all made b’tzelem Elohim, or “in the image of God.” Every person is deserving of a dignified and safe life, regardless of race, religion, nationality or any other identity.

Stephen Miller’s views on immigration are extreme and dangerous, and he has been an obstacle to passing widely-supported, bipartisan, popular, badly-needed immigration policy changes throughout his time in the administration. There will be no forward motion for immigrants and refugees while he advises the president, despite bipartisan support, to the detriment of all who live and work in this country. Immigrants are a vital part of American society and crucial to our country’s businesses. They are also human beings deserving of a decent life, out of the shadows.

Miller’s views are anathema to our Jewish and American values. They’re outside the mainstream, and they have no place in the White House. Throughout his professional career, Miller has made no secret of his belief that immigration should be restricted and that immigrants are bad for our country. With then-Senator Sessions, Miller helped orchestrate the defeat of comprehensive immigration reform in 2014. He worked closely with Breitbart Media, a platform for the alt-right and white supremacist movements, and was a reliable media presence to comment on anti-immigrant and nativist policies. During the 2016 election, Miller was a frequent warm-up act at Trump’s campaign rallies, revving up the crowd by invoking the image of immigrants as criminals, telling rally attendees “We’re going to build [the wall] out of love for every family who wants to raise their kids in safety and peace.”

During his time in the White House, Miller’s hard line stance against immigrants has informed and even directed the administration’s policies. Miller was the architect of the first and second Muslim and Refugee bans, which blocked people from seven Muslim-majority countries from entering the US. He orchestrated cuts to the refugee program, resulting in the lowest admissions number in modern history during the worst refugee crisis since World War II. Miller helped author the now infamous list of the administration’s immigration priorities, which include building a border wall, defunding sanctuary cities, eliminating the diversity visa program, and changing the nation’s entire immigration system from one based on family unification to one based on speaking English and being light-skinned. These priorities have been cited as a prerequisite to any immigration negotiations. They are grotesquely anti-immigrant, and against the values of most Americans and certainly the Jewish community which our organizations represent.

Miller’s racist views should be enough to disqualify him from the White House, and his sway over President Trump has made it nearly impossible for Congress to move forward on a bipartisan deal to protect Dreamers — which 70-80% of Americans support. Senator Lindsey Graham held up Miller as an outlier even within their own party, and other Members of Congress point to Miller as a barrier to any type of agreement on immigration.

Our organizations, and the millions of Jews we represent, are in solidarity with immigrants and refugees as a reflection of our Jewish values and our American values. When our nation opens its doors, our families, communities, schools, and congregations thrive. Unlike Miller, we believe that the Statue of Liberty, by which so many of our own families passed during their journeys to the United States, is a potent symbol of the best our country has to offer — welcome and hope.

Stephen Miller opposes the beliefs we hold dear, and while he advises President Trump there will be no forward movement on immigration — to the detriment of this great nation founded by immigrants. We urge you to remove Miller from your team and the White House as soon as possible.

Sincerely,

Ameinu
American Jewish World Service
Americans for Peace Now
Bend the Arc Jewish Action
Habonim Dror North America
IK AR
J Street
Jewish Community Action
Jewish Council on Urban Affairs
Jewish Labor Committee
Jews for Racial & Economic Justice (JFREJ)
Jews United for Justice
Keshet
National Council of Jewish Women
Open Hillel
T’ruah: The Rabbinic Call for Human Rights
The Workmen’s Circle

 

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Beluche: Ética, familia y sociedad

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photo by Eric Jackson Pride 2017

Ética, familia y sociedad

por Olmedo Beluche

La resolución de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, sobre el matrimonio igualitario, para parejas del mismo sexo, ha abierto un interesante debate sobre ética, moral, valores, religión, familia y derecho.

Los valores emanan de la realidad social y cambian con el tiempo

La primera afirmación que corresponde hacer es que la ética, la moral, los valores y el derecho, como en general el mundo de las ideas y la cultura, no caen del cielo, sino que son producto de la sociedad. El grado de desarrollo tecnológico y la existencia o no, y de qué tipo clases sociales, que posea una sociedad determinada, produce el orden moral que calza con sus necesidades. Como dijera Carlos Marx, “el ser social determina la conciencia”.

Lo que quiere decir que, en términos generales, en una sociedad dividida en clases sociales los valores prevalecientes serán los que impongan los grupos dominantes y sus intereses. Aquí la moral es un mecanismo de control social tan efectivo como el aparato represivo del Estado. Por supuesto, los grupos dominados también pueden forjar valores alternos que salen a flote eventualmente por algunos “resquicios”, pero la moral prevaleciente siempre será la que convenga a la clase dominante, la que cuenta con el derecho y el Estado para imponerla.

Claro que la frase de Marx no debe ser interpretada en sentido mecanicista, pues puede haber individuos de la clase dominante que desarrollen criterios éticos confrontados con el interés de su clase, así como de hecho hay elementos de las clases dominadas que asimilan los valores que sirven a sus explotadores.

La segunda afirmación general que debemos hacer es que los valores, el derecho y los tipo de familia, cambian conforme cambian las sociedades, no son eternos. Y se nos dirá que esto es una “locura” pues hay valores fundamentales que son inherentes al ser humano. A lo cual responderemos que esos valores son interpretados acorde con la situación del momento y nunca han sido tomados por la sociedad de manera absoluta.

Por ejemplo, “no matarás”. Pareciera que estamos ante el valor más absoluto, pues lo dicta la preservación de la especie y, sin embargo, las sociedades siempre lo han relativizado. La autopreservación y el dominio de algunos pueblos o grupos sociales sobre otros siempre las ha permitido “justificar” la muerte de los contrarios. Es la ley de todas las guerras. La propia Iglesia católica y evangélica, defensora de los “diez mandamientos”, muchas veces justificó la muerte de los “infieles” en nombre de la Fe. Quien lo dude que repase la historia de la Conquista de América, de las Cruzadas o la lucha entre la Reforma y la Contrarreforma.

La religión no es terna, también cambia

La religión misma, generadora y transmisora de valores, cambia con el tiempo. No siendo igual las religiones animistas de los pueblos primitivos, basadas en la absoluta incomprensión y el estado de impotencia frente a las fuerzas de la Naturaleza; que las religiones de las primeras civilizaciones, mucho más volcadas al control de las sociedades, en que gobernantes y sacerdotes, reyes y dioses, se confundían en las mismas personas; que las religiones modernas, mucho más sofisticadas.

Incluso dentro del propio cristianismo hay múltiples variantes, surgidas históricamente por claras razones sociales: ortodoxos y católicos romanos, dos vertientes surgidas de la división del imperio romano; el cisma protestante nacido al calor de los nuevos valores capitalistas confrontados con el catolicismo medieval, etc.

Así mismo podríamos decir que, aun dentro del catolicismo, no es lo mismo el Opus Dei que la Teología de la Liberación; como tampoco se puede reducir a todos los musulmanes a sinónimos de talibanes. Cada versión depende del contexto social que le ha dado origen.

No hay un “diseño natural de familia”

Las formas de familia también han variado con el tiempo: en muchas comunidades primitivas, como las estudiadas por el antropólogo L. H. Morgan (citado por F. Engels en su libro “El origen de la familia, la propiedad privada y el Estado”), en las que prevalecía ciertos tipos de promiscuidad sexual; a la familia patriarcal heredada de la antigüedad romana, en la que “famulus” era sinónimo de esclavitud o propiedad del “pater”; a la sociedad moderna capitalista, en la que las mujeres, luchando, han pasado de subordinadas legales a sus padres, hermanos y maridos, a lograr espacios de igualdad legal.

Ni hablemos de sociedades como la Grecia clásica, tan querida de los defensores de la cultura occidental, de cuyas ideas se nutrió el cristianismo, en la que prevalecía tal grado de obcecación patriarcal que, los matrimonios heterosexuales, sólo servían para la reproducción, puesto que la mujer era considerada inferior.

Por ende, el verdadero amor (“platónico”) solo era posible entre iguales, es decir, entre hombres. Donde era común que los hombres de las élites tuvieran amantes jóvenes varones (efebos). De manera que siempre han existido parejas del mismo sexo, lo único que ha cambiado es la moralidad pública, que a veces acepta y otras rechaza, las relaciones homosexuales, las cuales siempre han existido de hecho.

En ningún lado ha existido algo como “el diseño natural” de familia, ni siquiera en la Biblia, donde se aprecian todo tipo de familias, patriarcales, por supuesto. Desde Abraham, que tenía dos mueres, a Salomón que tuvo más de doscientas, de acuerdo al libro sagrado. Lo que tienen en común la Biblia, como El Corán, es la descripción de un tipo de familia, prevaleciente en la Edad Media, en la que la mujer se supedita a la voluntad omnímoda del marido. Una época en que la Iglesia, la nobleza y el Estado se fundían.

Sobre el “matrimonio civil”

Ese tipo de familia pertenece al pasado. Desde la Revolución Francesa, la Independencia de Estados Unidos y la de Hispanoamérica, y a lo largo del siglo XIX, los valores de la modernidad capitalista han ido sacando a la religión y a la Iglesia de las relaciones entre “civiles” y con el estado.

El derecho civil moderno, impuesto en Europa por Napoleón, establece que es el Estado, mediante la Ley, el que regula las relaciones entre civiles, quitándole ese poder que en la Edad Media tuvo la Iglesia católica. La educación, los registros de nacimiento y defunción, además del matrimonio son regidos por el Estado a través de autoridades designadas por la ley.

De manera que el matrimonio que no se hace en una iglesia, sino ante un juez o notario debidamente autorizado por la ley, es un MATRIMONIO CIVIL.

Por ende, que las iglesias católica y evangélica pretendan que las parejas homosexuales pueden tener una “unión civil”, pero no un matrimonio, es una falacia lógica, porque toda unión de parejas regulada por el Estado es un “matrimonio civil”.

Por supuesto, las iglesias tienen el derecho de negar al “matrimonio religioso” a parejas del mismo sexo si eso contraviene sus convicciones. Pero las iglesias no pueden pretender imponerle al Estado sus valores religiosos para regular las relaciones civiles, eso sería retroceder a la Edad Media, en materia de ética, moral y derechos.

Eso es lo que debiera defender cualquier estadista o político que se jacte de “liberal”, para no decir “progresista”, menos de izquierda. Pero en la actual crisis moral de este capitalismo decadente, en que los principios no valen nada, y lo que impera es la corrupción y el oportunismo, los supuestos liberales y progres juegan con el silencio o se inclinan ante las Iglesias a ver si así ganan votos a costa de lo que sea.

La “crisis de valores” y la familia

En este sentido, la llamada “crisis de valores” de la sociedad moderna no es más que el reflejo de la crisis de la sociedad misma. Crisis compleja, donde elementos arcaicos chocan con la modernidad “globalizada” del capitalismo, así como con incipientes esfuerzos por una sociedad nueva, que chocan contra los dos anteriores. Es decir, hay un conflicto de valores provenientes de varios planos distintos de la realidad.

Por ejemplo, se habla de la crisis de la familia como el origen de la crisis de los valores, lo que supuestamente es germen de diversos males sociales como la delincuencia, la drogadicción, la sexualidad libre, etc.

Frente a los descarnados valores capitalistas, centrados en el lucro y el dinero por encima de todo, algunos añoran la familia, y la sociedad tradicional, supuesto modelo de felicidad y encarnación de valores estables. Si los jóvenes se vuelcan a las pandillas o la delincuencia, se culpa a sus familias, por descuidar su crianza. Si las jóvenes se convierten en madres adolescentes, se culpa de su desenfreno a sus padres, y en especial a sus madres, por no moldearlas en los valores de la castidad y la continencia.

Pero este enfoque es doblemente equivocado. Por un lado, porque exonera de responsabilidad al verdadero causante de los males sociales y de la crisis de la familia, el sistema capitalista, sustentado en la explotación y la ley de la ganancia. Si padres y madres no pueden criar y atender a sus hijos, no se debe a que el “mal” se haya entronizado en sus mentes, sino porque el capitalismo los obliga a trabajar desaforadamente para arañar algo del sustento diario.

Por otro lado, la familia tradicional estaba lejos de ser el emporio del amor y comprensión mutua entre sus miembros. La familia tradicional, apoyada por la religión y el Estado era un centro de la opresión de los hijos y la mujer, donde padre era el “rey de la casa”.

Las conquistas democráticas de la modernidad están mediatizadas por el capitalismo

La modernidad y sus valores es un fruto contradictorio. Por un lado, ha significado la conquista de derechos y nuevos valores democráticos para sectores sociales anteriormente subordinados, como la mujer. El divorcio, la anticoncepción, la ciudadanía y el derecho al trabajo son conquistas de las mujeres que la sociedad, la familia y los valores tradicionales les negaban. Son conquistas, no depravaciones, ni antivalores.

El aspecto negativo de la modernidad es que sigue siendo una sociedad escindida en clases, donde la clase dominante obtiene su riqueza y poder de la ganancia capitalista. Entonces todas las conquistas democráticas y los nuevos valores positivos están mediatizados por el lucro. La familia se ha vuelto esclava del trabajo, la sexualidad se ha convertido en objeto de consumo, la democracia un instrumento de los ricos, y por encima de todo reina el dinero venerado como ídolo.

Cambiar esta situación no puede resolverse en el mero plano de los valores, menos mediante la restitución de dudosos valores arcaicos, sino transformar la sociedad para que, sobre una base de equidad social puedan prevalecer nuevos valores centrados en la solidaridad humana.

 

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